Yaya Haɗari Ana Amfani da Kayayyakin A Jakunkuna na Solar?

Sun kunna caja Jakunkuna na Solar yi amfani da sel na photovoltaic na tushen silicon da aka yi la'akari da kariya sosai kuma mara lahani:

Caja masu amfani da hasken rana da aka haɗa cikin knapsacks sun haɗa da sel na photovoltaic na tushen silicon da aka sani don tsaro da halaye marasa guba. Waɗannan halayen suna ba da gudummawa ga kwarin gwiwar mai amfani gaba ɗaya don amfani da samfur azaman mafita mai dorewa. Ƙunƙarar ƙwayoyin siliki a ƙarƙashin gilashin gilashi ko filastik yana tabbatar da cewa fasahar tana da tsaro, yana hana kowane hulɗa kai tsaye tare da muhalli.

Wani babban kusurwar tsaro shine gazawar kayan fim na siriri mai haɗari kamar cadmium ko gubar a cikin tsarin ƙwayoyin silicon. Wannan shawarar shirin yayi layi tare da tunanin muhalli da jin daɗin rayuwa, yana iyakance tasirin tushen rana Jakunkuna na Solar a kan abokan ciniki biyu da tsarin ilimin halitta. Wannan takalifi na kayan masarufi yana haɓaka sha'awar tushen rana ana sarrafa shi azaman yanke shawara mai hankali da tallafi.

A lokacin amfani da al'ada da kuma lokacin lalacewa, yana nuna babban matakin aminci. Babu sakin sinadarai ko hayaki, yana mai tabbatar wa masu amfani da cewa fasahar ba ta da kyau a muhalli. Wannan fasalin yana da mahimmanci musamman ga masu amfani waɗanda ke ba da fifiko ga samfuran tare da ƙarancin tasirin muhalli.

Ayyukan sel na photovoltaic na tushen silicon a cikin hasken rana baya haifar da matakan haɗari na halin yanzu, yana rage duk wata damuwa ta aminci. Bugu da ƙari, haɗa keɓaɓɓen wayoyi da kewayawa a cikin jakar baya yana hana haɗarin girgiza wutar lantarki, tabbatar da cewa masu amfani za su iya ɗauka da kuma sa jakar baya cikin aminci a yanayi daban-daban.

Marufi mai ƙarfi wanda ke tattare da ƙwayoyin siliki ya cika azaman abin kariya, yana iyakance caca na lalacewa ko lahani. Wannan ƙaƙƙarfan yana da fa'ida musamman ga abokan ciniki waɗanda ke shiga cikin atisayen waje inda za'a iya fallasa knapsack ga nauyi daban-daban da yanayin muhalli. Ƙaddamar da shirin akan ƙwaƙƙwara yana haɓaka tsawon rayuwar ƙwanƙwaran da ke tushen hasken rana, yana ƙara ƙimar su gabaɗaya da dogaro.

Knapsacks masu dacewa da rana suna manne da ƙa'idodi masu aminci, gami da RoHS (Ƙayyadaddun Abubuwa masu haɗari) da IEC (Hukumar Fasaha ta Duniya). Wannan daidaito yana haɓaka nauyin masu yin sa don saduwa da ƙayyadaddun abubuwan jin daɗi da ma'auni na muhalli. A cikin fayyace, yin amfani da sel na photovoltaic na tushen silicon a ciki Jakunkuna na Solar layi tare da jin daɗi, rashin guba, da wajibcin muhalli, daidaitawa akan su amintaccen yanke shawara mai ma'ana ga abokan ciniki.

iya Jakunkuna na Solar batura suna kama wuta ko suna fashewa?

Duk da yake kowane baturin lithium-ion ya zo tare da hatsarori, abubuwan aminci da yawa suna rage haɗari:

Gina-in-In Battery Management Systems (BMS): Su batura suna sanye take da nagartaccen BMS waɗanda ke sa ido sosai da sarrafa ayyukan caji da caji. Wannan yana hana al'amura, misali, zamba, yawan sakin jiki, da zafi fiye da kima.

Matakan Kariya da yawa: Masu kera sun haɗa da hanyoyin kariya ta jiki da na lantarki don tabbatar da amincin Jakunkuna na Solar baturi. Waɗannan hanyoyin suna kiyaye abubuwa kamar matsananciyar yanayin zafi, ƙarfin wutar lantarki, da gajerun kewayawa.

Rukunin Batirin da aka keɓe: An tsara su tare da keɓaɓɓun ɗakunan ajiya na musamman don batir na gidaje. Wannan keɓewa yana taimakawa ƙunshe da rage tasirin duk wata gazawa a cikin baturin, yana rage haɗarin lalacewa ga kewaye.

Ƙunƙarar Ƙarfafa Ƙarfin Ƙarfi: An ƙirƙira batir Knapsack don jure mabanbanta na waje daban-daban, gami da ikon datsewa, faɗuwar yanayi, da buɗe ido ga yanayin yanayi daban-daban. Wannan tsari mai ƙarfi yana iyakance yiwuwar cutarwa wanda zai iya haifar da matsalolin lafiya.

Gajerun Kewayawa da Tsaron Kiwon Sama: Ana aiwatar da ingantattun hanyoyin kariya don hana gajerun kewayawa da lodi mai yawa, duka biyun na iya haifar da babban haɗari. Waɗannan abubuwan kariya suna ba da gudummawa ga cikakken kwanciyar hankali da amincin batirinsa.

Yarda da Ka'idodin Tsaro: Jakunkuna na Solar batura galibi suna fuskantar tsauraran gwajin aminci, gami da cika ka'idojin UN 38.3 don sufuri mai aminci.

Amfani da Tsararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙirar: Mashahuran masana'antun suna amfani da ingantattun sifofi da balagagge tare da ingantaccen rikodi na dogaro. Wannan yana taimakawa rage yuwuwar hatsarori masu alaƙa da fasahar da ba a gwada su ba ko na gwaji.

Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarfafawa da Manyan Batura: Batir Knapsack galibi suna da ƙananan iyakoki da aka kwatanta da manyan batura-barbashin lithium waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin motocin lantarki (EVs) da kekunan e-kekuna. Wannan a zahiri yana rage yuwuwar sakin makamashi a yayin da aka gaza.

Batutuwan da ba kasafai suke da Sahihin Sahihanci: Lokacin da masu amfani suka zaɓi sanannun kuma ingantattun samfuran ƙira, abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da baturi suna zama da wuya sosai. Samfuran da aka kafa suna saka hannun jari sosai a cikin bincike, haɓakawa, da gwajin aminci don tabbatar da amincin samfuran su.

Shin na'urorin hasken rana na iya fitar da wutar lantarki lokacin da aka cire?

Lokacin da yake cikin hasken rana, bangarori na iya samar da buɗaɗɗen wutar lantarki sama da 20V, yana haifar da damuwa kan girgiza. Duk da haka:

Babu Gudun Gudun Yanzu Ba Tare da Da'irar ba: Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa babu wani motsi na yanzu daga hasken rana sai dai idan an haɗa su da rufaffiyar da'ira. A cikin yanayin buɗaɗɗen kewayawa, ko da yake ana iya samun yuwuwar bambanci (voltage), babu kwararar wutar lantarki.

Wutar Lantarki na DC, Ba AC Yanzu ba: Fayilolin hasken rana suna haifar da wutar lantarki kai tsaye (DC), wanda ya bambanta da alternating current (AC) wanda ke haifar da ƙarin haɗarin girgiza wutar lantarki. Ana ɗaukar DC gabaɗaya baya da haɗari, kuma an ƙirƙira bangarorin hasken rana da wannan a zuciya.

Iyakancen Alakar fata tare da Filayen Tantanin halitta: Gudanar da fale-falen hasken rana na yau da kullun baya haɗa da ci gaba da hulɗar fata tare da saman tantanin halitta. Mutane yawanci suna ɗaukar fale-falen hasken rana ta firam ɗinsu ko gefunansu, suna rage haɗarin haɗuwa kai tsaye tare da wuraren da ke aiki.

Gilashi mai kauri da bangon filastik a wurare: Ana gina caja masu ƙarfi da rana tare da ƙaƙƙarfan kayan kamar gilashi mai kauri ko ƙugiya na filastik, yana ba da ainihin toshewa tsakanin sassa masu ƙarfi da abubuwan waje. Wannan shirin yana hana hulɗa kai tsaye tare da sel masu ƙarfin rana, yana ƙara rage cacar girgizar lantarki.

Zubar da Wuta mara lahani: Kiwo tare da saman fale-falen hasken rana yawanci yana haifar da fitarwa mara lahani, kwatankwacin abin da mutum zai iya fuskanta yayin taɓa sauran wuraren da aka caje. Wannan wutar lantarki ta tsaya gabaɗaya a ƙananan matakan ba ta da lahani ga ɗan adam.

Don haka yayin gabatar da mafi girman ƙarfin lantarki, filayen hasken rana da ba a yi amfani da su ba sun kasance cikin aminci saboda keɓewa da rufewa.

iya Jakunkuna na Solar madauri ko firam suna haifar da rauni idan sun kasa?

Ƙaƙƙarfan gini da ɗaurin ɗaure yana sa rashin yuwuwar gazawar tsarin:

- dinki mai nauyi da ƙarfafa wuraren damuwa.

- Yadudduka masu ɗorewa suna tsayayya da tsage - ripstop nailan, nailan ballistic, da sauransu.

- Kumfa mai kauri mai kauri yana hana fasa firam.

- Tsayawa na ciki ko zanen gado suna rarraba nauyi don guje wa wuraren matsa lamba.

- Matsi madauri suna kiyaye lodi.

- Amintattun madauri da sternum stabilizers suna hana zamewa.

- Firam ɗin ƙarfe akan fakiti masu ƙima suna ba da ƙarfi.

- An ƙirƙira don ɗaukar nauyi mai ƙarfi fiye da amfani na yau da kullun.

- Gwajin samfur mai faɗi ƙarƙashin nauyi mai nauyi.

Mahimman bayanai sun wuce gona da iri don guje wa gazawar da ke haifar da faɗuwa ko rauni.

Shin hasken rana yana haifar da haɗarin ido idan an duba?

Kallon kai tsaye ga hasken rana mai haske wanda ke nuna kashe fashe na iya haifar da tasirin gani na ɗan lokaci kamar:

- Tabo ko phosphenes a cikin hangen nesa daga hasken haske mai haske.

- Yiwuwar bayyanar UV dangane da tace gilashin panel.

- Galibi ana nisantar da bangarori da ke fuskantar nesa daga mai amfani lokacin sawa.

- Fuskokin bangon baya masu banƙyama suna hana tunani zuwa idanu.

- Fassarar bayyana har yanzu yana toshe watsa hasken rana kai tsaye.

- Watsawa da tunani ba su da illa.

- Babu haɗarin haɓakawa kamar na'urorin gani.

Tare da taka tsantsan masu ma'ana, masu amfani da hasken rana suna ba da ƙarancin haɗarin ido fiye da faɗuwar rana gaba ɗaya.

References:

https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy13osti/56290.pdf

https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy99osti/26183.pdf

https://www.energy.gov/eere/solar/articles/solar-photovoltaic-cell-basics

https://www.seia.org/initiatives/photovoltaic-solar-panel-safety-features

https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/05/23/if-solar-panels-are-so-clean-why-do-they-produce-so-much-toxic-waste/?sh=5ccd1d5d121c

https://www.solarreviews.com/blog/solar-batteries-safe

https://www.energy.gov/eere/vehicles/articles/fotw-1042-august-13-2018-lithium-ion-battery-recycling

https://www.redpointpositioning.com/blog/what-are-solar-panel-hazards-and-safety-precautions

https://www. sfbags.com/products/sunwalker-solar-backpack

https://backpackinglight.com/forums/topic/54465/